• In the SUMOylation pathway SCE as

  2020-02-20

  

  In the SUMOylation pathway, SCE1 as an E2 enzyme has an important role in mediating the conjugation of SUMO to target proteins. The accumulated SUMO conjugates in plants are associated with abiotic stress responses (Castro et al, 2012). We performed a drought stress analysis on WT plants, induced by

• Of the acidic hydroxyazoles involved hydroxypyrazole had the

  2020-02-20

  

  Of the acidic hydroxyazoles involved, hydroxypyrazole had the weakest acidic profile (pKa in the range of 6–7), although highly deprotonated at physiological pH. During hit optimization, the two pyrazole ring positions available for substitution provide an opportunity for a better exploration of the

• The role of DDR in glomerular injury has

  2020-02-20

  

  The role of DDR1 in glomerular injury has been then further studied by the Chatziantoniou group in experimentally-induced crescentic glomerulonephritis, by injection of alloimmune sheep nephrotoxic serum (NTS) [54]. Glomerulonephritis produced a 17-fold increase of DDR1 expression, predominantly in

• Collectively the results presented here provide new insights

  2020-02-20

  

  Collectively, the results presented here provide new insights into ligand binding, clustering, spatial distribution, and phosphorylation of DDR1b and DDR2 in response to soluble collagen I. As depicted in the cartoon of Scheme 1, we postulate a model in which the spatial distribution and assembly of

• We postulate that OT contained in milk during

  2020-02-20

  

  We postulate that OT contained in milk during early postnatal development causes a mild enteroprotective preconditioning of the ER (Fig 9). This is perhaps akin to a mechanism shown by others [50], [51], [52], which is characterized by selective activation of the IRE1a/XBP1/eIF2a (via PKR) UPR pathw

• Besides the regulation of the stress responses CRF and

  2020-02-19

  

  Besides the regulation of the stress responses, CRF and the urocortins have been implicated in drug addiction (Bruijnzeel and Gold, 2005, Sarnyai et al., 2001). For instance nicotine, the addictive substance of tobacco, can activate the HPA axis, just like any other stressor may do, although its imp

• Sterol regulatory element binding proteins SREBPs regulate t

  2020-02-19

  

  Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) regulate transcription of genes involved in fatty supplier synthesis [38] (fatty acid synthase, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase) as well as triglyceride synthesis [39]. SREBP-1 protein levels are reduced in 3T3-F442A adipocytes [40] and increased in pr

• br Conclusions In the present study decreased AChE and

  2020-02-19

  

  Conclusions In the present study, decreased AChE and increased BuChE and BeChE activities were observed in greenhouse workers relative to control subjects; however, these changes cannot be related to OP exposure but likely to pesticide-induced oxidative stress or a mild inflammatory state. The in

• Cx platin could improve the level of cellular uptake

  2020-02-19

  

  Cx-platin could improve the level of cellular uptake and DNA platination, hence triggering distinct DNA damage repair pathways. The data (Fig. 3B, C and D) demonstrated that Cx-platin could increase the foci number of γH2AX in cancer cells, preventing the efficient DSBs repair. This gives a good exp

• It is of interest to point out

  2020-02-19

  

  It is of interest to point out that curcumin in this study reduced body weight gain; the underlying mechanism may be due to a decrease in general ISO-1 of fat, which was associated with a significantly reduced NPC1L1 expression in small intestine. Labonte et al revealed that NPC1L1 deficiency or eze

• Rat pheochromocytoma PC cells have been widely used as a

  2020-02-19

  

  Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells have been widely used as a cell system to study intracellular signaling leading to neurite outgrowth. The advantages of using PC12 cells in the CHK studies are the fact that they naturally express the rat form of CHK and the observation that down-regulation of CHK fun

• Further proof is required as

  2020-02-19

  

  Further proof is required as to whether ER membrane receptors play a role in the maintenance of bone mass. It is also possible that other non-genomic pathways may be involved. Nevertheless, whatever the precise mechanism of action of estrogens may be, the imbalance between bone formation and resorpt

• 2403 br Structure of USP Schematic representation of the USP

  2020-02-19

  

  Structure of USP7 Schematic representation of the USP7 domain architecture is shown in Fig. 3B. USP7 is a 135 kDa protein that consists of seven domains, including the N-terminal TRAF-like (Tumor necrosis factor Receptor–Associated Factor) domain, followed by the catalytic core domain and the fiv

• The Kaempferia parviflora extract met the criteria for a non

  2020-02-19

  

  The Kaempferia parviflora extract met the criteria for a non-competitive interaction with CYP1A1 based on the decrease of Vmax and unchanged Km. The high Ki value and low IC50, as well as the high Km value was indicative of the weakness of the interaction between the Kaempferia parviflora extract an

• In rodents but not humans two

  2020-02-19

  

  In rodents but not humans, two splice variants of Chk are identified as Ntk and Ctk, which possess and lack the N-terminal unique domain, respectively. While Ctk is abundantly expressed in the brain, Ntk is selectively restricted to myeloid and lymphoid cells, especially megakaryocytes [31]. This ra

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